Chapter 3

Markup Languages: More Than HTML5

SGML Languages
- HTML
XML Languages
- XHTML
Version Overview
- HTML Versions and Variants
- XHTML Versions and Variants
  - XHTML 1.0
  - XHTML 1.1
  - XHTML 2.0
- HTML5
  - XHTML5
Markup Syntaxes
- The HTML Syntax
- The XHTML Syntax and Restrictions
  - Well-formedness
  - Names Are in Lowercase
  - Required End Tags
  - Quoted Attribute Values
  - No Attribute Minimization
  - Whitespace Handling
  - Using Script and Style Elements
  - Identifiers
  - Element Prohibitions
  - Invalid Characters
  - Dashes in Comments Are Limited
  - Avoid Using Deprecated Elements
  - Avoid Deprecated Attributes
Data Types
Markup Elements
- Block vs. Inline Elements
- Block-Level Elements
- Inline Elements
- Elements That Can Be Either Block or Inline Elements
Attributes
HTML Document Structure
- Document Type Declaration
  - Core Structure Elements
  - Element Nesting
- XHTML Document Structure
  - XML Declaration
  - Document Type Declaration
  - The Root Element in XHTML
  - Namespace Declaration
  - The XHTML Head
  - The XHTML Body
Moving from HTML to XHTML
Specific Markup Languages
- SVG
  - Syntax
  - Embedding
- MathML
  - Syntax
  - Embedding
Combinations, Profiles, and Mixed-Namespace Documents
- (X)HTML+RDFa
- XHTML-Print
- XHTML + MathML + SVG
  - XHTML as the Host Language
  - SVG as the Host Language
Choosing a Markup Language
- The Benefits of XHTML 1.x over HTML 4.x
- The Benefits of HTML5 over HTML 4.x and XHTML
Alternatives to Web Markup